The Age Of America Should Be 18 Essay - 1853 Words

â€Å"Congratulations, at age 18, you’ve reached an important milestone. You are now an adult in the eyes of the law; you now have the right to make many important decisions about where you live, what you do and how you shape your future† (citation). I believe the drinking age in America should be 18 because when you’re 18 you’re an adult with a lot of responsibilities; you can vote, pay taxes, marry and fight in the army. This has been a worldwide debate for decades, and continues to, as we argue that it should be changed to 18. Turning 18 is a huge step in everyone’s life, just like it was when I turned 18 a few months ago. All these things I can do now, I can vote, marry, fight in the army, own a gun, I could even run for governor of the state Rhode Island if I wanted to! The question is, if I can do all of that, why can’t I drink? In America, drinking is like a sport. It’s an activity, it’s fun and we love to do it. Drinking is all around us, it’s a social norm. We drink at family parties, sports events, restaurants, etc. Almost anywhere there is alcohol beverages being served. Americans are known for being â€Å"binge drinkers† or a bunch of â€Å"Alcoholics†. This dates all the way back to our founding fathers. Our first president George Washington spent a full 7% of his income while in office on booze. His infamous farewell party tab totaled over $15,000 present-day dollars just on alcohol (Smith 1). John Adams and his family were also big drinkers, Moreau de St. Mà ©ry, aShow MoreRelatedAmerica Is Against Minimum Legal Drinking Age994 Words   |  4 Pageshere? The answer is alcohol. America is against minimum legal drinking age under 21. That means Americans under the age of 21 years old are not allowed to buy beer, wine, or any drink that contains alcohol at the store. Many people complain about this law lately for several good reasons. America’s drinking age should be lowered from 21 to a younger age for a couple of reasons. First, Americans 18 years old already have many adult rights. America believes that people 18 years old are legally consideredRead MoreNegative Effects of Lowering the Minimum Legal Drinking Age in America1292 Words   |  6 Pagesthe drinking age in many nations, a trend of relatively young minimum legal drinking ages (MLDA) can be seen around the world. As it stands, all of America’s 50 states employ a MLDA of 21 making America one of only seven countries in the world to have a drinking age set at 21; the oldest age set as the minimum legal drinking age in the world. Where many of our friends in Europe are happily drinking away at 18, many here in America are left wondering why we don’t employ the same age requirement. WhyRead MoreThe Drinking Age Of 211520 Words   |  7 PagesThe drinking age in America should be lowered from 21 to 18. At 18, someone in America is legally considered an adult, and they can indulge in things that are potentially far more harmful tha n alcohol. Under certain circumstances, alcohol has already been permitted for people under the age of 21. Furthermore, the drinking age of 21 is ineffective because people between the ages of 18 to 21 are still drinking regardless. However, this drinking often takes the shape of dangerous binge drinking. ManyRead MoreThe Minimum Drinking Age Act1211 Words   |  5 Pages Some people find it hard to understand that at the age of eighteen you can fight and die for your country, but you cannot legally drink or purchase alcoholic beverages. Others find it hard to believe that there are people who want people under the age of twenty-one drinking. The important question is: should the drinking age be lowered to eighteen instead of remaining at twenty-one? The legal drinking age is the age at which a person can consume or purchase alcohol. These laws cover a wide rangeRead MoreAmerica s Legal Drinking Age Essay1195 Words   |  5 PagesEveryone knows that the United States’s drinking age is at 21, much higher than England’s drinking age. Many people believe that we cause way less destructions than the people of England, but that’s not true. We actually cause more accidents and destructions than they do. The United States’s death rate is actually ranked 39 out of 172 countries at 2.91 while England is ranked at 1.70 on a scale of death rate per 100,000. (ALCOHOL DEATH RATE BY COUNTRY. World Life Expectancy. N.p., n.d. Web. 23Read More America Must Lower the Drinking Age Essay981 Words   |  4 PagesAmerica Must Lower the Drinking Age The current drinking age in the United States of America is 21. There are some people who agree with the current drinking age even some who think it should be raised. On the other hand, a number of people feel that the current drinking age produces more problems than it prevents (â€Å"Cross Fire†). The United States has unsuccessfully tried prohibition legislation not once, but twice in the past. These laws were eventually done away with due to the inabilityRead MoreThe Drinking Age Should Remain 18 in Australia1563 Words   |  7 PagesThe Drinking Age Should Remain 18 Years Old in Australia The Drinking Age Should Remain 18 Years Old in Australia These days there are a number of social issues in the community, such as drug abuse, teenage pregnancy and alcohol abuse. Alcohol abuse is rampant in today’s society, Australian Drug Foundation states that, â€Å"Alcohol is the most widely used psychoactive, or mood-changing, recreational drug in Australia.†(Healey, 2002, p. 11). Underage drinking and binge drinking are some of the problemsRead MoreEssay about The Benefits of Lowering the Drinking Age to 18726 Words   |  3 Pagesalcohol (The National Institutes of Health) (NIH). At the age of 18 usually separate teenagers from adults. But one cannot just legally buy a drink in America until the age of 21. In the time being, many states are now sending teenagers into the adult criminal justice system, even for crimes that were nonviolent. The social order age-specific methods often simmer down to limiting the freedom of the early and increasing their sentences. The drinking age has long been a tug-of-war. Is a 19-year -old developedRead MoreLowering The Drinking Legal Age872 Words   |  4 Pagesits limit age that allows people to drink Alcoholic beverage. In the United States of America, most people are able to drink and purchase alcohol at the legal age of twenty-one. Unlike the United States, most countries around the world allow their citizen to drink alcohol under the age of 21. Many American wants the U.S. government to minimize the drinking legal (MLDA) from 21 to 18 so they will be similar to other countries around the world that allowed people to drink at the age of 18. David JustinRead MoreLegalizing the Drinking Age to 181624 Words   |  7 PagesLegalizing the Drinking Age to 18 When people turn to the age of eighteen, they are finally considered an adult. They can join the army, have the right to vote, buy cigarettes or tobacco products, get a tattoo and even die for our country, but they aren’t allowed to buy alcohol? A person can be responsible enough to live on his or her own, make money, pay bills, and yet they are not old enough to purchase or consume any type of alcohol. Underage drinking has been a major controversial issue for

Why Toshiba Is Getting Hit With A Record Fine - 1599 Words

The 2015 Toshiba Accounting Case: Why Toshiba is Getting Hit with a Record Fine Introduction In 2015, The Japanese company owned Toshiba Corporation’s scandal lead to the CEO, Hisao Tanaka’s resignation after an independent financial audit revealed accounting discrepancies totaling 58.9 million dollars. Well known for various home electronics (TV, VCRs, etc.) and household appliances (dishwasher, washing machines, etc.) the Toshiba Corporation has been operating since 1875. An analysis of what happened to Toshiba demonstrate a lack of ethical standards in leadership, transparency, and finance. Leadership The corporate culture dictates how employee’s behavior and that old saying â€Å"lead by example† did not apply for employees working at Toshiba. Although the CEO of Toshiba did not directly instruct employees to misreport financial profits, there was indirect emphasis on meeting the company’s profit goals. The Japan culture has a reputation for enforcing obedience, therefore, Toshiba requires that employees show â€Å"obedience to their superior† (Carpenter, 2015). According to the independent panel, managers at Toshiba allegedly made it very difficult for employees to properly record expenses and revenue due to unrealistic and short-term targets (Addady, 2015). However, such aggressive tactics, reportedly resulted in seven (7) years of accounting violation where misreporting of expenses totaled 59.8 million dollars, while a third party reviewer faults employee acceptance ofShow MoreRelatedThe Walt Disney Company and Disney Management25371 Words   |  102 PagesDisney’s Chairman Eisner and President Wells had never made a single misstep, never a mistake, never a failure,† said a former Disney executive. â€Å"There was a tendency to believe that everything they touched would be perfect.† The incredible growth record fostered this belief. In the seven years before EuroDisney opened, they took the parent company from being a company with $1 billion in revenues to one with $8.5 billion, mainly through internal growth. MANAGEMENT AND NAME CHANGES Frenchman PhilippeRead MoreTop 1 Cause for Project Failure65023 Words   |  261 Pagesput a man on the moon 30 years ago, while today we can not produce proper software. For me this question shows the real reason for faillure. Most projects focus on producing a rocket (only focus on delivery). Successful projects however look further: why do we create a rocket? Because we want to go to the moon. If NASA would have only focussed on delivering rockets, they would never have reached the moon and probably had produced a great number of disasters while delivering or using those rockets. Read MoreManaging Information Technology (7th Edition)239873 Words   |  960 PagesConnectivity 88 89 Electronic Data Interchange and Electronic Commerce 89 Marketing 89 The Telecommunications Industry 90 Review Questions 92 †¢ Discussion Questions 92 †¢ Bibliography 93 Chapter 4 The Data Resource 95 Why Manage Data? 96 Technical Aspects of Managing the Data Resource The Data Model and Metadata Data Modeling 98 Database Programming 100 97 97 Contents Managerial Issues in Managing Data Principles in Managing Data 101 101 TheRead MoreSustainable Solutions Paper wk 7 draft16370 Words   |  66 Pagesthe physical environment is as vast and varied as the global landscape. With the advent of mobile technologies and handheld devices, computer and electronic device usage is not limited to any specific environment or geographic. Manufacturers like Toshiba and Lenovo specialize in more rugged laptops and PCs for use in a range of harsh environments such as the desert or a construction site, while the creation of mini-laptop computers and the very popular iPhone offer unlimited environmental optionsRead MoreResources Capabilities20336 Words   |  82 Pagesresource and capability analysis to formulate strategies that exploit internal strengths while defending against internal weaknesses. l Identify the means through which a ï ¬ rm can develop its resources and capabilities. We begin by explaining why a company’s resources and capabilities are so important to its strategy. CSAC05 1/13/07 9:21 Page 125 CHAPTER 5 ANALYZING RESOURCES AND CAPABILITIES 125 The Role of Resources and Capabilities in Strategy Formulation Strategy is concernedRead MoreRÃÆ' ©sumÃÆ' © Marketing Management, 14th Edition - Kotler Keller26673 Words   |  107 PagesMARKETING Marketing is about identifying and meeting human and social needs. One of the shortest definitions of marketing is the process of meeting needs profitably. Marketing management is the art and the science of choosing target markets and getting, keeping and increasing customers though creating, managing, communicating and delivering superior customer value. UNDERSTANDING MARKETS Marketing can be used for: Services, products, services and products, events, experiences, people, placesRead MoreInstructor Manual37126 Words   |  149 PagesExcel Templates included on the text Web site (www.mhhe.com/jacobs2e): Chapter 2: Chapter 3: Chapter 4: Chapter 5: Chapter 6: Chapter 7: Productivity Measures Capacity Decision Trees Shouldice Hospital Breakeven Analysis Breakeven Analysis Template Toshiba Expected Length Queue Queue Models SPC SPC Templates Cell Phone Designs PM Solved Problems Project Management CPM Template 8 Chapter 8: Chapter 9: Chapter 11: Chapter 12: Chapter 13: Chapter 14: Appendix B U.S. Airfilter Applichem U.S.Read MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 PagesManaging Change 121 121 147 147 Text 3. Why Organizations Change Text Cohen †¢ Effective Behavior in Organizations, Seventh Edition 14. Initiating Change 174 174 Text iii Cases 221 221 225 The Consolidated Life Case: Caught Between Corporate Cultures Who’s in Charge? (The)(Jim)(Davis)(Case) Morin−Jarrell †¢ Driving Shareholder Value I. Valuation 229 229 253 279 1. The Value−Based Management Framework: An Overview 2. Why Value Value? 4. The Value Manager HarvardRead MoreStrategy Safari by Mintzberg71628 Words   |  287 PagesFormation: Schools of Thought, published by Jim Fredrickson in a collection entitled Perspectives on Strategic Management (HarperCollins, 1990). Bruce used the paper in a course at Trent University and found that it worked well. Why don t you do a book on it? he suggested. Why don t we do it together? Henry replied. They both thought that Joe would make an excellent member of the team. So the safari was launched. We did not, however, write this as a textbook or some sort of academic treatise. FromRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pagessaid: We had obviously heard a lot about the Ministry and James [Palumbo] has had a lot of good press. We were impressed by how successful the brand has become and by how fast it has grown. . . . Ministry has a phenomenal skill in helping new acts hit the big time. The more successful it became, the more people wanted to become associated with it. . . . When making an investment, you have to be totally comfortable and conï ¬ dent that you are backing an A1 team. With James we found the perfect deal

Tribal Ressetlement Free Essays

Displacement, rehabilitation and resettlement of tribal from Indian’s protected areas Table of Contents Problem Statement: 1 Relevance/ Rationale: Methodology: 2 Findings: 2 Conclusion:3 Bibliography 3 Problem Statement: To identify the Issues related to displacement, rehabilitation and resettlement of tribal from Indian’s protected areas. Relevance/ Rationale: Conflicting claims over natural resources have always been there, whether between man and other species, or among men. With the advent of Industrialization and the burgeoning population, the forests of India are faced with immense pressure, which ranchers to its inhabitants, both human and wild. We will write a custom essay sample on Tribal Ressetlement or any similar topic only for you Order Now To safeguard the dimming biodiversity of India, Protected areas have been made, and many tribal who reside in these areas are relocated to areas outside the parks. The tribal have been living in forest and mountainous regions, with in the close proximity of nature. The economy of the tribal has been primarily hunting-foraging and shifting cultivation. More than of the tribal, to a large extant depend on forests and forests resources for their livelihood. The scheduled tribes have been facing many socio-economic and psychological problems since historical times. The forest laws have curtailed the free movement of tribal In forest regions. The tribal rights on the forest lands have severely affected. Slightly cultivation (Condo Pod) has been regulated by restrictions on the use of forests. Use of Minor Forest Produces (Maps) by tribal has been reduced to a large extent. Exploitation by money lenders and contractors, problems of credit and market for Minor Forest Produces (Maps), poverty, hunger, malnutrition and impoverishment are the important evils, which the tribal have been facing since long time (Miser, 2000). Land alienation and displacement are the major problems, which eave been haunting, most of the tribal groups. Most of the tribal groups have virtually reached a state of total collapse and seem to be fighting a grim battle for survival. The occurrence of tribal revolts for land rights In different parts of the country Is Its testimony. The large scale land transfers to non-tribal culminated In armed tribal uprisings In the late 19th and early 20th centuries. British administration In India Introduced several legislations to prevent tribal land alienation. In order to ensure that the customary rights of the tribal on land are protected, the Agency Tracts Interest and Land Transfer Act (ATILT) were remunerated in 1 ). While there exists a National Rehabilitation Policy, many relocated tribal face issues ranging from discomforts to fatalities. Given the low levels of awareness among tribal residing in protected areas, there is also a chance that many requirements are not met, even because of their being unaware of their rights. It is in this context that we intend to research the issues in resettlement and rehabilitation, covering pre- relocation, post resettlement, and the process in between, to see what issues may exist. Methodology: Study Site: Childcare – Tassel, Amalgamate. It is a Scheduled Area and main resident of rear are Koru-a Scheduled Tribe. Koru is the predominant tribe in the region . Their dialect is Koru but Hindi is also commonly spoken among them. The major part of Amalgamate region is covered with Tiger Reserve (buffer zone) and the reserve forest. Data for this assignment was collected in both primary and secondary methods. Primary data was collected prior to the assignment during December 2012. Secondary data was collected mainly through use of the internet, from papers and articles published online, as well as from Journals that were accessed online. Primary data was collected during December 2012. The data collected is mainly in the forms of photographs of the settlement, including amenities provided in the newly established villages, and an unstructured interview of a few affected people which was photographed. The persons to be interviewed were selected based on Judgment sampling, where we went beyond the main road of the village where the authorities took us to, and interviewed persons living in the homes in the nearby lanes. Due to unfamiliarity with the people’s customs, we took along with us a local who showed us other homes. Four families were represented in the interview by members who were available, out of 200 families in the village. Figure 1: Photograph taken at study site Findings: Multiple issues were identified in the course of this assignment, including: * The displaced tribal and other weaker sections are getting normalized. * These people are not skilled they don’t find any employment in urban set-up, and they are forced to occupations like rag picking, rickshaw pulling and even bonded labor. As the tribal are illiterate and innocent, they are exploited by the traders and non-tribal in most cases. Most often they take loans from traders and non-tribal and remain indebted. * Lack of general sanitation in the new settlement. * Increased mortality rate in the village (as reported by the affected people) – The toll of malaria in Amalgamate is very high. Due to this malaria impact the general vitality of people is very low and people also fall prey to pneumonia, bronchitis and other d isease. All these clubbed together known as Amalgamate fever (Kandahar, 2004). * Lack of healthcare facilities, which were provided to them before relocation. * Lack of proximity to modern amenities. * Lack of proximity or access to NTP as well as medicinal plants. Low levels of awareness of financial planning has led to bad investments by people, leaving many people with no option but to be daily wage laborers. * Lack of proximity to schools. Lack of care at government hospitals meaner the people visit private hospitals, and as a result have difficulties paying for treatment, often depleting their savings, which including the 10 lake rupee compensation which is their only solid security Disturbed social structure as number of family members over 18 years is the criterion for deciding compensation, leading to dissatisfaction among those with argue land holdings in the forest. * Cost of agricultural land is very high in the new location, so the pursuit of agriculture is difficult, as their co mpensation does not match the high cost. Malnutrition – shortage of food supplies and lack of medical facilities by the concerned departments. * The locals were charged for relocation costs, which very significantly high, given that they were relocated with their homes. Conclusion: There exists a significant gap between policy and requirement, and also between policy and implementation. Rehabilitation and Resettlement (RR) policies at he National and State Levels, though are expected to safeguard the interests of the displaced persons, they are not practiced in the right spirit. Rehabilitation apart from depriving them of their lands, livelihoods and resource-base, displacement has other traumatic psychological and socio-cultural consequences. It is a slow and continuous process, which requires an organized effort over a period of time. There should be more emphasis on improved communication, it results in a more effective grievance redressed process from the perspective of local people, which in turn ensures that robbers in the rehabilitation process are addressed before they become too serious. How to cite Tribal Ressetlement, Papers

Sweatshops Essay free essay sample

Thomas Carsons article criticize Ian Maitlands arguments in defense of sweatshops, based on Ians view of the Classical Liberal Standard published in 1997, in the Brithish Academy of Managment Annual Conference Proceedings. Ians central thesis, is a defence of the sweatshops in the poor countries in the third world, statinig that A wage or labor practice is ethically acceptable if it is freely chosen by informed workers (Carson,1). The global intercontinental coorporations sweatshops capture the requirements of the CLS and this way they are providing better options and opportunities to the workers in the third world contries. Maitland claims, that the multinational business corporations must inform their employees of the risks and hazards, to which each one of them is subjected at the work place. This idea corresponds with Milton friedmans view that freedom equals choice as biliteral, voluntary and informed transaction. The idea of negative freedom in the sweatshops ( meaning: that corporations are giving the opportunity to poor people to work and labor, are limiting their choice in the same time) is obvious. Friedmain says that lack of options limits ones freedom and Ians keeps repeating that when the companies satisfies his CLS conditions , the multinational sweatshops are giving better options to the third world countries. Thomas Carson gives his objections to the CLS by addressing three cases directly to Maitland, he is not arguing that Ians thesis is not moral, but it does not settle the moral questions at issue. In his first case, he describes the following situation: He lives in rural North Dakota and he has a very sickly woman as a neighbour. There is a huge blizzard that leaves the village without electricity and their only option is to use wood stoves and fireplaces. Since his neigbour does not have any of these, he is giving her the option to help her in exchange of her antique prize collection. In the second case, the situation is almost the same , a man carring a suitcase with a lot of money in it, sprains his ancle, but there is a huge torm coming and there is only one person, who could help him, of course in exchange of his suitcase. In response to those two cases, Maitland argues that the situations in the cases are different of those in the sweatshops : I don’t think the cases are relevantly similar ( Carson, 4). His arguments are that, since there is not equal base for the sweatshops and the two cases, judgements cannot be made reasonably in order to justifies ones thesis. The third case that Carsons describes is situationthat takes place in a hike and there are more people, who are able to help, the one in need. Here Maitland provides his argument, that those cases are based on emergencies situation, while the sweatshops in the third world are chronicle condition. Later on in the text Carsons provides us with the Ians argument : What about that ‘‘saddling’’ multinational corporations with additional duties will have harmful consequences since it will make them less likely to offer employment to people in poor countries? ( Carsons, 5) . Thomas argues, that this is unclear and confussed, but is also supporting the idea that in general the international corporation are more willing to limit the freedom of the third world labor, than the business corporations recognized by the CLS. Till the end of the article, Carsons explaines and gives support to how and what his arguments do and do not apply to Ian Maitlands view on the etichal relationship between sweatshops, employees and multinational business corporations. In this text, the main idea of the author is revealed in the article Free Exchange for Mutual Benefit. Wich leads us to the main questions and argument of Carson: 1) What is freedom? Is it exchangable? Does it limit the employees or give them options? 2) Is this exchange between both parties mutual? 3) Does it benefits equal to corporations and cheap labor countries ? First, I would like to begin with a description of sweatshops. The name sweatshop gives us a pretty clear description of how hard is the labor in these pleaces. More over multinational companies sweatshop are instituted in and only in third world countries such as the ones described in the article Indonesia, China. These countries are poor and overpopulated, suffering form unemployement, and the limitations of employement and poverty among the people are something common and chronicle, as described in the text. This is a perfect opportunitiy for a big manufacture corporation to build a sweatshop and provide some of the poor people with sweat labor, pretending to give them freedom and options for it, while at the same time they are limiting, their human rights by providing them with sufficient amount of work for more than 12 hours, a day for example. Yes, Maitland give us argumentation, that a begginng worker , earns 5 times more than local wage. Yes, that might be true, but with what cost, this person earn his wage? 20 hours of labor a day, no personal life, limit of freedom? Maitland based on his CLS, states that if corporations are based on this liberal standartization and if it is freely chosen by informed workers there is mutual transactions between both parties, and this way both parties are satisfied. I support the idea of Carsons, that in the Ians argument, does not bring the etichal issue, or arent companies giving options, to poor people (providing them with labor), actually taking their freedom in exchange for their labor? This would lead me to my next argument about mutual exchange, does it exists between the two parties? I support the idea of Maitland and Friedman, that freedom is a transaction that must be biletaral and mutual in order to benefit both parties. But, since the only idea of corporations and business is profit, there is no such thing as equal mutrual exchange. International Corporations had found a perfect field, to earn bilions of profit each year, claiming that they provide poor third world countries with options. I would like to support my argument with the theory of Ronald Duska, that there is no such thins as relationship other than physical labor ( provided from the workers) to company, wich leads me to my argument that there is no equal benefit from both parties. The labor in third world countries, and not only, the poor people working in these sweatshops are viewed as labor, equipment, machinery. Just instruments for money and profit. I based my arguments and my point of view on Duskas theory and I do not think that in the business, espesically international sweatshops are concerned with any ethical or moral issues,concerning the labor in their seatshops. My personal understanding about the Carsons cases is that they are a simple methaphor for the sweatshops ( meaning the one in need is the third world country people and the person offering help are the big corporations). In all the sititations , we see that the desire to help is driven only by purposes that are far away from ethical and moral, and seek only ones benefit from the situation. Even if the companies are considering the CLS, their primary and only reaseon is their profit and nothing else. I think that he succesfully and indirectly argued his thesis, providing the reader with his cases regarding CLS. In conclusion, Carsons article Free Exchange for Mutual Benefit: Sweatshops and Maitlands Classical Liberal Standard gives us a wide field for argument if Maitlands CLS improves the mutual benefit between labor and manufacturer. I think that there is no such thing as liberal standartization, when it comes , to manufacturers, business and profit. Unfortunatelly, in todays society money drive the world, and the corporations, espesially in the third world countries are limiting the freedom and choice of poor people, and the only one that benefits from that transaction are international corporations. Unfortunatelly moral and ethics, does not take place in the third world, and the multiunational companies are the partie that have the freedom and the choices to control the poor and weak by closing their eyes, with earnings and wages, while limiting the freedom of the individual in the third world.

Abortion in Society essays

Abortion in Society essays We live in a nation built on the idea of freedom, freedom of choice and freedom of expression, yet we are not free. Abortion is an ever-present choice that every woman should and does have, not based on ones financial situation, cultural background or even age; its a choice that every woman has the right to. There are too many children being abandoned and given up for adoption every day and there should be some responsibility for ones actions, the children should not have to suffer for their parents faults. An abortion is a right as an individual, the right to decide what happens with ones body and the freedom to chose their own future. Abortion is a womans right and choice. In 1973 Roe vs. Wade was a landmark trail, which led to the legalization in all states for a woman to have an abortion. It is also the womans right to privacy with this abortion, because without legal abortion women would be denied their constitutional right of privacy and liberty. If abortion were illegal it would force poor women to bear and raise children they can't afford to bring up. There would be a number of unsafe abortions in back allies, causing harm to both the baby and the mother. It would also force women to give up their dreams and stay home to bring up babies. Worst of all, it would condemn victims to rape and incest to carry and nurture the offspring of their rapist. Who would stand for something that would allow this to happen? Women shouldnt feel scared to have an abortion either. They should have to think about what is going to happen to them as they try to get an abortion, yet they do because they are picketing people outside harassing them. Some of the activists actually take it to extremes, such as bombing abortion clinics. Why would someone who believes in pro-life want to kill someone? Woman are born with rights, right to privacy and the...

Terrorism

Terrorism Terrorism The problem of definition of terrorism has raised myriads of interests from various states, international organizations and even ordinary citizens. However, there is no an agreed definition of terrorism that can be used globally to describe various heinous acts as terrorism. Some have described terrorism as an act of using violence and threats for the purpose of intimidating or coercing people for political reasons. Terrorism has also been defined as a constant use of violence towards people in a certain region or country in order to create an atmosphere of fear for the purpose of achievement certain political goals. According to historical data, terrorism has been used by various political organizations in order to destabilize and overthrow the existing political institutions (Griset Mahan, 2002). However, terrorism has also been used by various ruling authorities against its own people, for example, in the Soviet Union, under leadership of Stalin. In the current global environment that is characterized by technological improvements in weapons and ability of the media to disseminate information instantaneously, terrorism has developed to become sophisticated and even more complicated, for example, the 9/11 attack. The UN Security Council has defined terrorism as any criminal acts against civilians, which are committed with an intention of causing death, serious injuries and taking hostages aiming at provoking a state of terror to citizens in a state,group of people, or a person with the purpose of compelling the government or an international institution to abstain or do certain acts (Whittaker, 2012). Terrorism has changed overtime with the current insurgence of various terrorist groups, primarily from Islamic countries fighting for religious and political reasons. They also use various symbols in terms of flags graffiti and communiqus to deepen their unity, create an appeal to likeminded individuals and impose fear on those who oppose the group (Dingley Kirk-Smith, 2002). Financing of terrorist activities has been among the daunting tasks facing the insurgent groups since they are very poor in logistics. Committing a terrorist activity requires a lot of resources in terms of money. Terroristic training camps are located in the segregated areas far from people, where they have to engage in numerous corrupt activities that require high operating costs (Miguel Gomez, 2010). Transfer of funds is another major fuss for the organization, as the funds need to be transferred to their associates in various countries of their target. In conclusion, definition of terrorism has attracted diverse views from various states, international organizations, and individuals. However, there is still no agreement on the generally accepted definition. Complexity and sophistication of terrorism has increased overtime, especially with the development of technology. Financing of terrorist activities has also been a daunting task for the insurgent groups since they require a lot of resources. In addition, it was not easy to transfer illegal funds across the globe.

Challenges Faced in the search for the History of crime and punishment Essay

Challenges Faced in the search for the History of crime and punishment in England and Wales - Essay Example To understand this, they have to deal with a great deal of criminal records. These criminal records vary in the nature of punishment administered for various crimes during different times in history. Another problem experienced by these researcher is that there is a lot of information on paper records about the nature of crime and punishment in England and Wales more than information in the internet. They have to scrutinise large records of information about crime administered for various cases. These records may include prison registers, petitions for clemency, judges report and other report from criminal justice agents. Researchers have to understand various circumstances that led to change in the history of these societies. They have to pay attention to civilisation, industrialisation and the growth of population. Also, some cases that form precedents are unique in their own way. The decision by a judge is sometimes influenced by circumstances that were only relevant during that time. Therefore, these individuals have to understand this aspect as they were in history. For example, the criminal responsibility age in both Wales and England is 10 years. However, the 1993 case of Jamie Bulger entailed a child being taken to an adult court in Liverpool. Criminological theories help researchers to understand various change in the perception of crime and punishment by the criminal Justice system in both England and Wales. For example the social learning theory helps to understand the history of crime in both jurisdictions since criminal records have shown that individuals brought up in environments prone to crime have a higher tendency of committing crime. In both areas, criminal activities that have been reinforced frequently and punished infrequently have been found to occur again and again. For example, alcohol abuse among minors, school truancy and gambling are more often since they have been found to be infrequently punished(Hostettler p. 100). The proponents of radical criminology argue that criminal act are socially constructed and there is not act which is immoral or criminal without being defined by the society. This theory proposes that wealth should also be distributed equally in the society to eradicate crime. It may be used to help understand why crime in both England and Wales is by both the rich and the poor. The nature of punishment varies depending on the circumstances surrounding the crime. Foucault’ opinion and crime and punishment were passionate and placed a lot of emphasis on punishing people less and doing it better. Foucault’s opinions on crime and punishment assist learners to understand the evolution of crime and punishment and the evolution of prisons. His theoretical position has enabled people to understand the history of crime and punishment in England and Wales in the sense that prisons from the past in both England and Wales have not reduced crime in the society. To understand the history of crime and punishment, the element of repeat offending ( recidivism) that was coined by this scholar as a consequence of Imprisonment has to be taken into consideration. There may be minimal records to how this element of crimes that have occurred in both England and Wales. The survival of records about crimes of the past in both England and Wales is also a challenge for individuals intending to unearth history of crime in these two places. Record keeping of the criminal Justice agents was not as good as it is today since technology has made things easier and information more accessible to researchers . Also,

Families in a Global Context Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Families in a Global Context - Assignment Example Until the 1990s, the issue of migration of women was discussed largely in the context of sex-trafficking. But globalization has unfolded a new phenomenon of overseas migration of women as job seekers. The book, Global Woman: Nannies, Maids, and Sex Workers in the New Economy edited by Barbara Ehrenreich and Arlie Russel Hochschild (2003) have revealed there is more to this phenomenon than breaking down of cultural barriers caused by communication revolution and relaxation of patriarchal restraints on the mobility of women. Exploring the avenues that lead to this social behavior, the authors have begun with the socio-economic context in which World Bank and IMF- imposed development models have forced third world governments to tighten their economies thereby leaving their citizens no other option than to leave the country to make a living (Ehrenreich, Hochschild, 2003, p.1-5). And what is peculiar about this migration is that â€Å"today half of all the world’s migrants are wo men.†( Ehrenreich, Hochschild, 1993, p.5) and they migrate mostly to take up low paid jobs as maids and nannies. The picture that emerges is that of a new kind of economic asylum seekers who are the refugees of globalization. These women, according to the book, ease a ‘care deficit’ that has emerged in the first world. This ‘care deficit’ was created in the developed world when the majority of women who used to take care of the young, aged and the sick of the society shifted their energies to paid jobs (Parrenas, 2003, p.35). Growing awareness about women’s rights and the pressure exerted by a competitive economy were the key factors behind this change. The middle class of US was finding it difficult to balance their budget without two paychecks. In the US, 65% of mothers of children aged six, are now doing paid work. (Ely, Scully, Foldy, 2003, p.404). As men were not considered sharing the domestic work even in this changed scenario, it was in evitable that substitutes had to be there to do the family scores.  Ã‚  

Integrated Communication Plan Research Proposal

Integrated Communication Plan - Research Proposal Example UK gaming market is the third most important market in the world, and it is the largest European market [1,2]. According to [3] there are more than 33.6 million gaming users in UK market in the year 2012. Moreover, this market generated revenue of  £2.04 billion in the year 2014, and this is around 7% more than 2013 (Dring, 2014). According to Yahoo! News, with the growth of the industry there are more and more jobs coming up in the UK market (Brinded, 2014) The total value estimated of the video gaming industry is GBP 1 billion. Around 33 million people in UK play video games (IAB UK, 2011). Thus, the market segment is very large. These gamers can be categorized into different types. Among these types, 19% are the regular gamers and casual gamers, or social gamers are around 26%. Therefore, this segment of social or casual gamers can be important segment that Nintendo WiiU can target. The age group of casual social gamers is in the age group of 35 to 44 years, and most of these pe ople are parents. At the moment, Nintendo WiiU is focusing on regular gamers that are around 19%. Many people use gaming as time consuming activity.Gamers can get negative attention, and this can have negative influence and gain negative attention in the media. Thus, it is important for Nintendo to not come up with such games that can have negative attention in the media.(Brinded, 2014) Economic factorsThere has been an increase in the demands of the games. The demand of different games has been increasing.

The Turkish Soap Operas Media Essay

The Turkish Soap Operas Media Essay Why do people at the last past years prefer TV shows? Why do people have different thoughts about tv shows? . May be because they are express their daily lives and affecting their behavior. also as they introduce different cultures of different societies., the soap operas and TV series are the most discussed nowadays TV shows People argue about Turkish soap operas that spread nowadays on Arab TV, the aim of that research is the airing of these soap operas and its effects in Arab countries people on the social, religious, tourism and cultural levels, while others disagree with that operas that it causes problems such as women rights and romance in Arab world What is a soap opera? And what is the difference between a soap opera and a traditional TV series? according to Dorothy Anger in her book Other Worlds: Society Seen Through Soap Operas is a long TV series more than hundred of episodes, these TV shows are present culture style , life style , traditions and educational life of the societies, but the traditional TV series are short ones. They do not exceed thirty episodes and they have many details than soap operas. The history of TV series in the Arab world is in relation with the Ramadan series. There are some Arab TV series which like soap operas as layaly elhlmiya that attract the Arab viewers for years at different seasons waiting to know what the next action.. Fadi Ismail says in the article Turkish Soaps Bubbling in the UAE that were trying to see if there are new story lines. This means that people need a new stories that affect their daily life related to their life style and their cultural experience. According to the viewers demands, people responsible for TV shows starts to express new shows that is connected with peoples real life ,Layal Abu Rahal expressed in her article Noor, A Soap Opera to Test The Moral Compass that Arab men were fascinated by the Turkish actress Noor and women were also fans of the Turkish actor moaned. Turkish soap operas and TV shows which began recently to be showed on the Arab TV channels, Ismail says we saw an opportunity in turkey. (Qtd in Abuzeid The opportunity is based on the high percentage of people watching the soap operas and the dramatic story lines as well. It was a hit success when the first Turkish soap opera started showing on Arab TV. Percentage of people watching it started to increase People became addicted to it and even it became a kind of turning point in their own lives. People in Arab world get attached to the characters, events and the new style in the Turkish soap opera. They are affected by their new culture. They are also influenced by the Turkish people. They start search the differences between Turkish society and the enclosed Arab society. People start to express their own opinions, defending their thoughts and ideas. There are positive social effects that appear in the Arab society due to watching Turkish soap operas such as the effect of it on Arab women.. They believe that those Turkish soap operas are the best, as they have things which we dont have in our Arab society. As a result to these soap operas some women recently became aware of their rights. Some women started to look for themselves on the levels of business and financial life, while other took the side of liberal life searching for freedom. In the Turkish soap opera the women appear as model of liberal independent women who have their own career and job, financial freedom and even their own houses far away of their families. They reflect the ideas of Turkish women in freedom in Islamic society. Arab women stated to take Turkish women to encourage themselves never stop fighting for their lives that they believe in. Women in Arab world have the courage to loud her voice as They look at the Turkish women as an example of free women, although they are Muslims living in Islamic society too. Women compare the male characters of Turkish soap operas to their men in Arab society. They are full of love and romance and not harsh in their decisions, Arab women started to compare every thing as female characters and to look over many problems that we lack. On the social level, the Arab women are not the only ones affected by the Turkish soap operas, but the whole family as well. The Arab families watch the two series Noor and Lost Years and notice the family gatherings of Turkish families and they are close to each other. The reason that leads Arab families to compare themselves to Turkish ones Muslim society tooand they much of arab culture. Where family members are living all in one house. These features seem to be a part of their Arab society. Also on the social level, the Turkish society has a liberal view that is not present in the Arab society. The dressing code which Arabs have stress on it. Turkish people wear whatever they wanted with no limits or borders. They looks good and they are fashionable society . Tamiko says in the article Noor, Has a Turkish Soap Opera Fueled Change for Women in the Arab World? that Noor fashion knock-offs were snapped up in boutiques. The Arab people are impressed by this look so they started to take what suits them and live with Turkish style . The latest effect of Turkish characters of soap operas on Arab society is that the statistics refers that the newly born babies named after the stars increased in the Arab world. Tamiko discussed in his article that the number of Arab babies named Noor and Muhanned is doubled. This reflects the major effect of Turkish soap operas on our Arab countries Not all the social effects on Arab society are positive ones. People in Arab society some negatives of the Turkish society. People believe that Turkish society isnt the best but they have also some defects such as There is a lack of segregation between men and women, which dont appear in Arab society traditions. Married women are allowed to have male friends and that is legal and the relation between men and women at work. Another aspect which raises the anger of the Arab world and its against the religion is the allowable informal relationships between male and female. They are allowed to live together without marriage These features dont match our Arab culture and habits. This is refused on the social level not only on the religious level. Also one of the major negative effects is that incites crime. It has been shown in the soap operas. The crime appears to be an ordinary thing to the society according. Respected society figures are kidnapping people in order to fulfill their aims from their enemies many types of crimes such as stealing, drug dealing by high authorities and even the presence of paid assassins.. Abu-Rahal expresses the presence of crimes and threats of kidnapping with a big rate in those soap operas. This means a perfect proof of social disorder. Among the positive social effects of the Turkish soap operas on the Arab society, there are positive cultural effects. They are main methods to introduce a new culture to the Arab society. It is an image of the Turkish society, thoughts, ideas, traditions and habits, They are trying to give the world image about turkey modern civilized country and its fight against all its national and international problems which might be a kind of smartness of the Turkish people.. May be they mean to raise the attention about turkey and give themselves a higher rank in world. . Arab tourism is affected heavily by those soap operas. The number of Arab tourists visiting Turkey is doubled, the number of flights targeting Turkey is doubled The Turkish diplomat Yasin Temizkayn points that the number of Saudi tourists visiting Turkey never increases more than forty thousands, until the soap operas are showed, which raise the number of tourists up to one hundred thousand this year (qtd in Mokhtar). The Arab tourism companies increased the amount of their money invested in Turkey. Increase of air lines in turkey. The ambassador says we used to have only two flights a week from Riyadh to Istanbul, today we have four air bus flights a day and they are all packed. (Qtd in Zawawi) The number of Arab people learning Turkish language increase and the Arab sociologists direct their attention to Turkish society figuring positives and negatives. Despite the hit success of those Turkish soap operas, they appear to be a double edged weapon its a kind of entertainment that targets its damage towards the religious beliefs and moral ideas. It disturbs the peace of the Arabic social and religious. Arab denies the way Turkish people behaving against all the religious and personal ideas. They almost break the major rules of the Islamic religion. People start to ask said in articles how they could have sex without marriage. How that is socially accepted although they are supposed to be an Islamic society? And its said that it is fatal mistakes against whole Arabs. On the other hand, this contradiction causes damaging thoughts and results in the Arab society. That is not the only problem but its wine that became something ordinary and that is reused habit that breaks every rule that put by god against his religion. And negative aspects like adoption of kids to be legal their kids and the abortion all of that which is considered an Isl amic crime, repeated several times in those shows. All these contradictions and fatal mistakes are an evidence are showed on air to be ordinary in that society and confirmed by different social and governmental authorities. Worth by his article assures that when he stresses on the point of drinking, informal relationships and abortion. He discusses briefly the major differences between Arab people and Turkish People. Responsible religious authorities refuse the shows and. religious People start to look at these shows as evil ones spreading immoral and refused ideas,. They try to protect the Arabs society from bad aspects informal relationships, , abortion, drinking ,adoption and independence freedom of women and her dress. voices begin to protest against what was happening in the Arab society addiction of these shows. Mokhtar discusses The grand mufti of Saudi Arabia, Sheik Abdul Aziz Al-Sheik, has condemned Turkish soap operas, which have charmed millions of people across the Arab world, and prohibited people from watching them. Al Sheik was referring exactly to the most two successful shows Noor and Lost Years. Some religious views ban watching these shows and apply certain a legal punishment on the Arabic channels. Worth points that the high cleric of Saudi, Sheik Luhaidan, gave his permission to prosecute the owners of those TV channels. Some take serious decisions banning the shows and stop showing it on Arab TV. Tamiko reflects that point saying Did the viewers listen? Nope the fans of that TV shows increased and even the channels showing it increases private and local. After the discussion of the positive and negative ideas, values of that Turkish tv and its affect on Arab TV channels. some people liked that TV shows and other hated it from the first sight and said its something far from our culture and some people became neutral they like positive aspects and hate negative ones although religious people banned it but it still addicted by people . The question is the Arabic addiction these shows will continue forever? And what are its far consequences? The end statement may be you stay neutral influenced by the culture and benefit from the positive side only and dont look for the negative one.

A Rose for Emily By William Faulkner :: Free Essay Writer

After the Civil War, many Confederate soldiers returned home and founded nothing and many had no place to stay. Many people that God was punishing them for all the sins that they had done to the blacks. But many other Southerners refuse to accept that they were defeated by the Union. Instead, they thought that God spared them for something more important. So, they thought of the war as a lost cause and they interpreted it as a stepping stone to the South's salvation. This is the feeling in Mississippi where " A Rose for Emily," takes place. In, " A Rose for Emily," Miss Emily portrays the Old South, not wanting to give up on the good old times. As the people of Jefferson portrays how the South wants to move on to bigger and better things. Miss Emily Grierson lives in the pasted, and she did not want ot change at all. As time and things change, Miss Emily stayed the same. She was so much like the Old South that she had a black as a servant. Many people thought of her as," a tradition, a duty, and a care; sort of hereditary obligation upon the town."(Faulkner 73) That is why she did not have to pay any taxes. The Mayor of Jefferson in 1894, Colonel Satoris declared that she did not have to pay taxes. But as time pass and new generations of mayors came they tried to maker pay her taxes. Miss Emily refuse, she says, "I have no taxes in Jefferson."(Faulkner 73) This how Miss Emily impersonate the Old South. She refuses to forget about the past as did the South and does not want to accept the fact that things are changing. After the defeat of the South in the Civil War, many people would not accept the changes that comes with defeat. Many people would fight to preserve as much of their past in the South as the victors of the North would allow. This is how Miss Emily felt when her father and Homer died. She did not want to accept the fact that her father was dead, and when the ladies tried to come to condole her, she said " her father was not dead.

Frued and Modern Psychoanalysis Essay

â€Å"Modern psychoanalysis† is a term coined by Hyman Spotnitz. â€Å"Influenced by the works of Sigmund Freud, Dr. Spotnitz believed that the principles of psychoanalysis could be extended to cure the severe narcissistic disorders that Freud had deemed untreatable. † (Sara Sheftel, 1991) Dr. Spotnitz and his colleagues described it as a â€Å"body of theoretical and clinical approaches† that could be used to envelop the full spectrum of emotional disorders and broaden the potential for treatment to pathologies thought to be untreatable by conventional methods. Modern psychoanalysis and other forms of psychotherapy are significantly different when compared to Freud’s concept of psychoanalysis back then. However, the popularity of the â€Å"talking cure† has remained present and people today actually realize that therapy works. When Freud first started treating patients this way, most people did not believe that simply talking about their problems would somehow fix physical issues too. Modern psychoanalysis takes Freud’s basic theory of human psyche and use it as its starting point. Modern psychoanalysis differs from other methods of psychoanalysis by following Freud’s later work and the work of Melanie Klein in stressing the importance of dealing with destructive behaviors as well as sexual motivation in order for the human psyche to evolve. (Pickren, 2010) Like all psychoanalysts, modern psychoanalysts emphasize the unconscious nature of much of human motivation, the impact of the early development of mental functioning on later functioning, and the tendency of people to repeat patterns of handling emotional arousal states. Also similar to other schools of psychoanalysis, modern psychoanalytic treatment emphasizes helping the patient talk progressively, working on resolving resistance to putting everything into words and on analyzing the transference of repetitive emotional patterns experienced with the analyst. (New England Association Schools and Colleges, 2010) But we cannot deny the influence Freud has had upon thinking in the 20th and 21st centuries. This has spread throughout Western culture and into the international creative arts. His thoughts can be observed in art, literature, cinema and the stage. Notions of identity, memory, childhood, sexuality, and of meaning have been shaped in relation to – and often in opposition to – Freud’s work. No doubt this influence will continue into the future. Psychoanalysis gained more popularity after Freud’s death, but then decreased in popularity again in the modern world. People today are looking for a type of â€Å"fast food, drive-thru† style of treatment. Therapy using psychoanalysis requires using a much longer amount of time than our society today have the patience for. Less lengthy forms of psychotherapy is preferred today, such as psycho-dynamics, family therapy, and cognitive-behaviorism. Sigmund Freud completely changed how the Western world thinks of the mind and human behavior, by using and developing techniques such as dream interpretation and free association. Freud has been universally acclaimed as well as he was deeply disliked by many who knew him for his personal views and his curt and deceptive personality. But for better or worse we live with a profound influence of Freud’s style of psychoanalysis.

Apple and ATT

Apple and ATT Executive summary Apple and ATT, the largest U.S. mobile service provider entered into an agreement that would see both companies introduce the iPhone into the U.S. carrier market of handsets. According to the agreement, ATT would be the soul service provider for iPhone while the iPhone company would be the sole distributor with the latter holding 10% of iPhone revenue.Advertising We will write a custom article sample on Apple and ATT specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More IPhone as a brand did much better in terms of sales than their previous brand, the iPod reason being that the iPhone encompassed the iPod in a cell phone and in nearly 74 day had sold one million set of the new iPhone, which is the highest number of handsets ever sold by any cell phone company in the history of US mobile handset industry. Although the iPhone had done much better than iPod which had taken two years to sell a similar number, the iPhone faced steep challenge s from other smart phone and cell phone providers. Analysis of Facts The new iPhone displayed Apples prowess in developing new application like the user interface (UI) technology. This application allowed iPhone handsets to have a multi-touch wide screen than having a key pad; the screen took most of its surface giving the new handset a unique and catchy shape. The touch screen functionality improved the iPhone video quality and functionality. Problem Statement By apple signing with ATT mobility meant that phone users in the U.S. had to subscribe with ATT Mobility. This locked users into a commitment which lasted for two years with the same carrier. ATT offered GSMs voice network which was in contrast to other network providers who used the CDMA standard, ATT mobility offered it clients unlimited access to its Edge network. This limited the iPhone. On top of this, the new iPhone handset faced a lot of pressure from other quarters. Firstly, the handset could not support the 3G networ k, it was relatively slow to other smart phone handsets that were on the market, according to business this was a raw deal as the phone could not much modern business enabling trends like e-mail and browsing, the iPhone manufacturer could not upgrade the handset because it relayed on the Edge network, which provided only 2G to 2.5G.Advertising Looking for article on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Also, the plan by iPhone to face out cheaper models of the brand and reduce the price of the 8GB and the 4GB iPhone provided unprecedented challenges especially with its customer. The Solutions of facts The iPnone set to resolve the problems of the handset by Promising to launch a 3G enabled handset by late 2008, but in the meantime advised its customers to migrate and tap into the Wi-Fi technology that was generally faster than the Edge network. The iPhone general manager, Steve Jobs, decided to tackle the problem of facing out cheaper iPhone handsets by mollifying those customers with cheap iPhone handsets with a $100 Apple store credit. The other problem that presented itself with the new iPhone was that its memory was too low to other music players and also its capacity could not be expanded. In addition to this, the handset relied on a non-replaceable battery that had a lifespan of only one year. This problem was eradicated by coming up with a handset that had a high memory and also having a replaceable battery. Competition from other players The iPone faced a lot of competition from other handset makers who offered music enabled cell phones and smart phones like Research in motion BlackBerry, LG Prada, Samsung F700, and Nokia N95. These cell phone manufacturers offered similar applications to those of iPhone and some went further to offer quality video definition and high music storage capacity like the Sony Erickson walkman phones that could store up to 8,000 songs. To beat the high competition, iPhone had to diversify its market where it ventured to other countries like Germany where it partnered with Deutsche Telekoms T-Mobile.In France, iPhone partnered with Orange division of France Telecom. In Britain, iPhone was in agreement with Mobile operator O2 as their sole distributor and service provider.Advertising We will write a custom article sample on Apple and ATT specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More All these new markets offered an edge over other competitors in terms of customer volumes, making the iPhone emerge as the most successful cell phone manufacturer in the shortest time in the history of cell phone industry. Recommendation For iPhone to keep its market base, then it needs to improve on a few of its applications. This include increasing the memory of the iPhone to be popular with its young clients who are interested in storing large files of music and also its business class customers who are i nterested in saving information either through downloads or emails. Lastly, iPhone should take into consideration the fact that majority of phone carriers in America use handsets that are less than $100 and iPhone handset retailing at double this amount reduces their clients’ realism, although, they may argue that the cost is compatible to quality.

James Pattersons New Book Releases

James Patterson's New Book Releases James Pattersons first novel The Thomas Berryman Number was turned down by 31 publishers before it was accepted by Little, Brown, and Company in 1976 and won the Edgar Award for Best First Novel. Since then, Patterson hasnt looked back, routinely releasing several books a year, often co-written with other writers. Some are stand-alone novels, some are part of one of his popular series, and some are written for children or middle-schoolers. New Patterson Books for Teens and Adults NYPD Red 4 -  written with Marshall Karp. The elite task force NYPD Red is called in only when a case involves the rich and famous. Following a shocking murder and high-stakes robbery at a movie premiere, NYPD Red gets the call.Private Paris -  written with Mark Sullivan. Jack Morgan of the investigative agency Private is pressed into duty in Paris. His task is to locate his clients granddaughter who is on the run from a brutal drug dealer.15th Affair (Women’s Murder Club Series #15) - written with Maxine Paetro. Detective Lindsay Boxer finds herself in the awkward position of investigating her possibly a very dangerous husband. When an explosive tragedy throws San Francisco into chaos, the clues hit too close to home. She turns to the Women’s Murder Club for help.The Games: A Private Novel -  written  with Mark Sullivan. Join Jack Morgan and members of his renowned investigation firm Private in a new adventure. As they work to secure the Olympics, the threats c ome fast and furious. It’s up to Jack to stop a lethal plot to decimate Rio. Bullseye (Michael Bennett Series #9) -  written with Michael Ledwidge. Detective Michael Bennett must locate the source of a threat that could ignite a war like the country has never seen. A snowstorm provides the perfect cover for the lethal assassins. Only Bennett can save the President of the U.S. and the country.Cradle and All -  Teen edition. In Boston and in Ireland, young virgin women find themselves pregnant. Cities are overwhelmed by epidemics, famine and floods. It feels like something awful is coming, but what?Woman of God  - written with Maxine Paetro. As massive crowds await the white smoke rising from the Vatican to indicate a Pope has been chosen, some among them speculate whether the new Pope could be a woman.Missing: A Private Novel - written with Kathryn Fox.The world’s top detective agency, Private Investigations, takes on a simple case of locating a CEO, but when all evidence of his existence disappears, the simple case turns dangerous.Filthy Rich -  written  with John Connolly and Tim Malloy. This true crime tale is an explosive blend of money, power and sex. The story focuses on Jeffrey Epstein, one of New Yorks financial elites. His taste for young girls resulted in a fall from grace and eventually scandalized one of Americas richest communities. Cross the Line (Alex Cross Series #24). A shooting of a police officer in Washington, D.C., leaves Alex Cross in a leadership position in the investigation. Before he can solve the case, a brutal crime wave strikes the area. New Patterson Books for Children Jacky Ha-Ha -  written with Chris  Grabenstein  and Kerascoet, illustrator. This middle-school age novel introduces a new heroine, Jacky Ha-Ha, a class clown, who makes her classmates laugh with her so that don’t  laugh  at her.  Treasurer Hunters: Peril at the Top of the World -  written  with Chris Grabenstein and Juliana Neufeld, illustrator. In the fourth book in the Treasure Hunters series, the Kidd family travel to Russia and the Arctic to outrun bad guys in their search for stolen treasure.Middle School: Dog’s Best Friend -  written with Chris Tebbetts and Jomike Tejido, illustrator. Non-stop laughs mark this next installment of the popular middle-school series.Give Please a Chance -  written with Bill OReilly. This beautifully illustrated children’s book celebrates the magic of the word â€Å"please.†Word of Mouse -  written with Chris  Grabenstein. This middle-school book examines the concept of friendship through the relat ionship of a lonely girl and a blue mouse that is looking for his family. Check the complete list of James Pattersons books for his earlier works.

E U LAW REPORT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

E U LAW REPORT - Essay Example The legal basis for the audit is to inspire cost reduction efforts in the management of EU affairs at the national level by reducing bureaucracy and external interference in issues that should be resolved at the national level. The audit is also aimed at enhancing better participation of UK in the international body and safeguarding UK’s internal democratic ideals and structures. According the William Hague, the EU needs change in how current challenges should be best handled. The reform would streamline competitiveness; guarantee member countries and the entire region a stable Eurozone and expanded democratic goals (Rostron, 2006). Finally, the UK government believes that a clear structure of authority that spans from local, national, and international levels should prevail in order to eliminate chances of duplication of duties and meddling by parties who lack the locus standi in such jurisdictions. Legal basis Justice and law enforcement The European Union has imposed 130 cr ime and law enforcement regulations including warrant of arrest (Costello, 2012). Although, some parties believe the regulations enhance the effort of many enforcement agencies and security apparatus in the war against cross-border crime, the UK government believes such laws infringe on its sovereignty. ... Employment law The EU’s employment and social law envisages the working-time policy whereby there is a limit on the number of hours of service for employees a day. The rationale is based on health and safety grounds. The EU has also imposed policies which regulate casual workforce environment. Long perceived in Conservative lens as a breach of UK’s open labour market, the employment law has brought the Tories and the Liberal Democrats together. The government of the UK feels that there is a decrease in productivity because local investors are forced to adhere to stricter EU terms instead of working under UK’s free labour market. Financial sector The expected establishment of a common banking union has created panic among investors in the banking industry in regard to whether the new measures might infringe on the local and smaller financial institutions (Vletter-van & Helene, 2012). The UK government wants to protect its national interests but it may not be easil y achieved under the current status quo. EU’s influence is enormous in the sector. Regional policy EU’s regulation policy has also prompted Britain to review the rules. One of the fundamental issues raised by detractors of the EU is that the body’s mandate is somewhat unclear. For instance, how come the international body takes colossal sums of money from Britain only to re-channel the money back to the country’s economically weak sectors? (Rostron, 2006) UK’s regions such as Merseyside and Northern Ireland have in the recent past gained lots of support from EU. Like the UK government, critics argue that the country would be better placed to reform EU’s policies and use the money in more productive national sectors. Potential Criticisms Firstly, the government has emphasized that it is

Internation Entrepreneurship in Fashion related Industry Thesis Proposal

Internation Entrepreneurship in Fashion related Industry - Thesis Proposal Example The paper "Internation Entrepreneurship in Fashion related Industry" analyzes Internation Entrepreneurship in the fashion industry. Customers spend a lot of time to decide what garment they want to purchase online, to ease their decision almost all websites offer images of the clothes, same clothes in different colors and image enlargement. But these tools are not enough so that customer can buy clothes with complete comfort. Companies that do display their designs online along with different sizes are successful but not meet fully meet the performance expectations. I shall research on a new area in fashion e-commerce which Bill Slawski at SEO proposed. It is a social search engine in which customers will create their profile inclusive of their height and weight measurements, skin color, eye color, hair style , whether you wear glasses or not, preferences (formal/casual/workout clothes) and other personal information regarding the appearance of the customer. The search engine will cr eate a 3-dimensional scan of customer’s body which can be uploaded on a clothing search engine. The clothes recommended for that specific customer’s profile can be used to make a 3D model based upon profile of that customer. A patent filing from Yahoo describes a Fashion Search Engine that can use a 3D model to present garments that can help can help customers find clothes that match their profile. The profile can be updated at any time by the customer for example when the customer loses weight.

Wind Shield Survey Community Assessment of a community in Queens , NY Term Paper - 2

Wind Shield Survey Community Assessment of a community in Queens , NY - Term Paper Example The involvement of consumers of health care is encouraged in the development of community activities that contribute to the promotion of education and maintenance of good health (Rooney, Ryan, Bloniarz & Kane, 2005). In order to achieve these activities, a comprehensive health programs are required that pay a special attention to social and ecological influences and specific population that is at a risk. As a community client, nurses should focus on environmental features such as physical, cultural, psychosocial and political features that ensure good health of the population. As a matter of fact, Rooney et al, (2005) adds that community client is not restricted to provision of health care to a particular age or diagnostic group but the health nurse is practicing their profession to all people without any biases. A healthy community is one that makes wise use of its resources and is prepared to meet the dangers and threats that may arise as a result of factors encountered when dealing with health problems. This has been the mandate and the aim of the community client over a quite a long time to ensure a mutual relationship between the community and the location (Rooney, Ryan, Bloniarz & Kane, 2005). As Glanz et al (2008) put it that in assessing the performance of Wind Shield survey in New York, a close examination of the original survey data on beneficiary is needed. According to our expectations, the general satisfaction with the WindShield survey intervention should be high. However, the evidence was found that the endeavor of the WindShield survey to redress the balance between the rich and the poor communities was fairly satisfactory (Kressel, De Leon, Palij & Rubin, 2008). There was a neglect of the isolated communities possibly due to cost reasons and that the accessibility of the WindShield Survey to beneficiary

Telecommuting Essay Example for Free

Telecommuting Essay Telecommuting or telework allows employees of a company to work from home or any other remote location other than an office. Telecommuting requires employees to be able to access all of the computer applications they have available to them at work in order to perform their jobs adequately. The company should provide Internet access to employees at their homes and make sure they have the appropriate equipment to run and access company provided software. While some experts argue telecommuting is more cost-efficient, may increase productivity and create a better work/life balance, others say the cost of decreased face time co-workers, effect it has on workers left at the office, and its failure to live up to some of its expectations could make it a less attractive option. By implementing telecommuting, a company has the possibility to save significantly. Because of telework, employees will be able to work from remote locations and will not have a need to come into the office. This will eliminate the need for a physical location for most employees, which will result in a large savings per month. Each employee can use their computer at home or be provided one by the company. By implementing telecommuting, it would prevent the need to expand physical locations in the future. Savings would also increase based on the lack of utility bills associated with the physical location, cancelling T1 lines, and landline phones. Each employee can communicate with each other and customers via their company cell phone, which usually is already provided to them or their home landline phone if they wish. The company will then be responsible for their Internet connection in the form of a reimbursement. The figure above outlines the total costs of each arrangement. It is clear that telecommuting has the potential to save a company more money almost immediately after implementation. This is true only if every person in the company telecommutes. As some companies telecommuting policies say, the employee who telecommutes must report to a centralized workplace for a portion of time each week. If this is true, telecommuting is not as cost efficient as it seems. Transportation costs are also drastically reduced for employees. Because they would no longer need to commute to the office everyday, costs associated with a daily commute would be drastically reduced. This would also save money for the company. The federal government offers tax incentives to companies who make efforts to reduce their carbon footprint. By implementing telecommuting, any company would be eligible for the tax incentives the very next year. In a study conducted at the Kentucky American Water Company, performed from 1998-2003, it was concluded that a significant savings could be made per employee (Butler, Aasheim, Williams, 2007). The article points out that for the Kentucky American Water Company, â€Å"savings include reduced expenses for office space and parking, and a reduction in complaints handled by the managers. † In a chart produced in the study, it compares the costs and savings of implementing the telecommuting process in the call center portion of the company. Their conclusion, on average, was telecommuting will save KAWC $1,361 per employee (p. 102). Research has shown that telework is related to higher job satisfaction and a variety of positive employee outcomes,† writes Karen Fonner for the Journal for Applied Communication Research (Fonner Roloff, 2010, p. 340). Telework helps employees manage their personal and work lives more effectively than working in an office setting. By releasing employees from the constraints of a physical office, they are empowered to create their own schedules to accomplish work more effectively. This empowerment enables employees to take ownership of their position and will otivate them to perform to the best of their abilities. With the ability of employees to create their own schedules around the clock, it will benefit companies by allowing the employee to have a flexible schedule to adapt to the demanding schedules of business in the new millennium. Another benefit of telecommuting is less absenteeism at work. If an employee has a doctor’s appointment, they can set their work schedule around the appointment and include it in their schedule around both personal and work appointments. If they were to report to a physical location and be forced to be stationary for a set amount of time in an office, the employee would be inclined to take the entire day off for the doctor’s appointment. With the flexibility of telework, the employee would not be inclined to call off and would still be able to work before and after the appointment. The same is true for employees who require creativity breaks in between sessions of working. The flexibility of telework enables more frequent breaks so that employees can use the time set aside for work to be most efficient. Telecommuting also takes employees out of the stressors of the office. Office politics plays a huge role in stress at work and is a huge distraction for employees. â€Å"By working remotely the majority of the time, teleworkers can avoid or ignore some of the unjust practices within the organization, such as cronyism, self-interested behavior, and pressure against speaking out against those in power,† writes Fonner (Fonner, 2010, p. 361). Without the politicking at work, employees who work from home can use their downtime for more productive personal task that don’t induce more stress on their job. In a survey conducted at the telcom company Ericsson in July of 2006, respondents were asked a series of questions related to telecommuting. Employees who were not currently telecommuting were asked what important factors would persuade them to telecommute in the future (Borjesson Markus, 2006, p. 526). The most rated saving time as the most influential reason to adapt telecommunication with increasing efficiency, reducing stress, and having more independence in their daily life as the top four reasons (Borjesson Markus, 2006). Ironically, reducing traveling costs had the smallest amount of supporters. Employees at Ericsson put more emphasis on empowerment as their main reason to choose telecommuting over monetary reasons. Plus, its an important tool for attracting a younger generation of employees who expect that flexibility and greater sense of control over their lives, says Danette Campbell, senior adviser for telework with the U. S. Patent and Trademark Office in Washington when speaking about telework in the article â€Å"Washington Tapping Into Telework For More Flexibility† (Silver, 2010, p. 0). Adding telecommuting as a workplace option will make any company a more attractive employer. The Kentucky American Water Company study proved telecommuters are more productive workers than their on-site employees (Butler, Aasheim, Williams, 2007, p. 101). The study measured productivity based on four factors, â€Å"amount of work; intensity of work; efficiency of work; and adjustments for additional costs associated with telecommuting (such as expenses for equipment, technology support, training, managerial support, and so forth)† (2007, p. 101). The study found, â€Å"the average productivity of telecommuters in the 13 months immediately after the â€Å"go live† period increased by 154%, while the average productivity of in-office agents fell by 13. 3%. Because overall customer service improved considerably (the percentage of abandoned calls decreased from 12. 2% to 3. 6%)† (p. 102). Understanding that all jobs at the KAWC call center can be performed using telecommunication, parallels can still be drawn from call center work and the type of work performed by most companies. The majority of daily work performed by most employees consists of communicating with clients and co-workers. All communication in most jobs does not rely on an employee being in a centralized workspace. By allowing employees to telecommute, they will be free to meet with customers and clients during any time of the day, thus allowing them to be more productive and available to them. Many clients and customers have problems meeting during a normal â€Å"9-to-5† workday because they are also at work. By implementing telecommuting, employees will be free to meet with them in the evening when they usually wouldn’t be at â€Å"work† if they worked in a centralized location or during business hours if they need to. Telecommuting also requires the use of technology to perform work from remote locations. â€Å"People who use more IT in their work are more productive, and by its very nature telecommuting requires more use of IT,† writes Ralph Westfall in his article â€Å"Does Telecommuting Really Improve Productivity? † (Westfall, 2004, p. 95). By implementing telecommuting at a company, they will be forced to update their technology and train people to use the new technology effectively. In doing this, employees will be forced to become more productive based on their new knowledge and the use of new technology. An argument against telecommuting is the lack of human interaction involved with the â€Å"Employees who worked away from their offices for three or more days a week reported worsening of their relationships with coworkers,† stated Pam Willenz for the American Psychological Association (Willenz, 2007). Employees may seem disenfranchised from their co-workers who report to an office, which has detrimental effects on employee morale to all employees. Telecommuting also could have detrimental effects on promotions for employees. The idea behind â€Å"out of sight, out of mind† plays a large role in the fear that employees who telecommute have less likely of a chance to get promoted from their current position because of their lack of face time with superiors. The lack of office politicking could be a double-edged sword where employees don’t have the chance to mingle with co-workers that could potentially advance their careers. Telecommuting had negative effects on the employees that are â€Å"left behind† in a centralized workplace. In-office employees took less satisfaction in their jobs and felt less of a relationship and obligation to their company as the number of telecommuting coworkers grew,† in a study that David Chartier reported in the article, â€Å"Study: Telecommuting makes work worse for non-telecommuters† (Chartier, 2009). Many of the workers that are left behind perceived that more work was left for them and are forced into other difficulties posed by telecommuting such as, building strong working relationships and finishing group work. Telecommuting is not appropriate for every job. There are still many jobs that cannot be performed through telecommuting. Contemporary Business states, â€Å"the cubicle- filled office will likely never become obsolete† (Boone, p. 22). Many jobs will never be able to completely translate over to a telecommuting environment so many workers will still have to report to a centralized workplace. Many face-to-face customer service jobs cannot be performed via telecommuting and many workers will still have to report to work therefore telecommuting is not an alternative to every job. Since telecommuting is so new, many employers are still experimenting with it and require that the employees who telecommute have to report to the office at least one day a week. Telecommuting is difficult to implement in situations where workers are paid on an hourly basis. The old adage, â€Å"Time worked equals time paid,† does not necessarily translate into the telecommuting environment very well. In hourly positions that can be transferred to telecommuting settings, clocking in and clocking out will be at the discretion of the worker with no oversight available. Employees who are compensated on an hourly basis would have to change their pay scale to a salaried position in order for telecommuting to be fair (Boone, 2010). If that is not the case, truant workers would be enabled by the lack of supervision and can â€Å"run the clock† more easily than if they reported to a centralized workspace (Boone, 2010). Telecommuting also puts company assets and information in an uncontrolled environment where it is difficult to keep track of how and for what they are used. It raises some questions where company information and assets could be compromised in a telecommuting situation. Many employees would easily be put in a situation where they could steal or copy customer information and use it outside of their work (Boone, 2010). Telecommuting is cost effective depending on how it is implemented and can save a company a lot of money only if every employee telecommutes in order to alleviate the need for a centralized workplace. Research supports these benefits of implementing telecommuting saying it will alleviate many stressors on employees by reducing time spent getting ready for work, commuting to an office on a daily basis, and office politics. There are negatives aspects, however, to telecommuting. It cannot be implemented for every job and there will still be a need for a centralized workspace so it may not be as profitable as expected. Telecommuting also puts company property and information inside someone else’s home. Truant workers are enabled to â€Å"run the clock† in a telecommuting setting since there is no oversight on when they are actually working. Telecommuting does have its strengths, but it also has weaknesses. The future will open up doors for telecommuting as technology improves and our culture becomes more technologically savvy. For now, telecommuting in most situations is a hybrid of some workdays reporting to work and others worked from home.

Marketing Plan For Samsung Vacuum Cleaner

Marketing Plan For Samsung Vacuum Cleaner Samsung Group has been recognized as one of the largest Asian companies in the world.  With products that are always innovative and commitment to customers, Samsung is always able to satisfy customer needs. Thus, with this marketing plan, Samsung tried to continue to innovate with new products Vacuum cleaners with a way to add new features and functions in the vacuum cleaner that will satisfy customers. The marketing plan starts with introduction, stating the aim of this business report, which is the promotion strategy for Samsung Vacuum Cleaner. A brief outline of the Samsung is discussed along with some theory definition and explanation. The content on this report will be; Analysis of current situation has been done to avoid competitors over lap Samsung. Understanding of current target market is to help analyse customer wants and needs to grab bigger market share. SWOT analysis is the detail of internal and external which could be used to increase opportunity. Three methods of promotion that Samsung use in order to reach their target market. How corrective action is taken will be describe in the marketing plan, under marketing mix which contain 4P. Measurement the success of the marketing plan, various step, standard, and limits will be determined to monitor the performance, How this marketing plan will increase revenue shown in financial part. There are four methods that Samsung do to control and evaluate products that will be released in the market. ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS Samsung before was a small export business in Taegu, Korea, founded by Lee Byung Chull in 1938 (Samsung 2010). Today Samsung Company has grown up to become one of the worlds leading electronic companies, basically manufacturing electronic devices, such as TVs, Refrigerators, Air Conditioners, Washers, Vacuum Cleaners and etc (Samsung 2010). By innovate and improve top quality of products and services, as followed their mission of making life better for consumers around the world, Samsung has grew their revenue and market share by achieving the No. 1 global market share for their 13 products, including semiconductors, TFT-LCDs, Monitors and CDMA mobile phones (Samsung 2010). Looking forward, to make historic advancement in research and development, as well as producing best-in class LCDs LEDs, mobile phones, digital appliances, Vacuum Cleaners, and more (Samsung 2010). 2.1 Target Market First of all Target market is specific group of people on an organization to satisfy the needs of group members or focuses its marketing efforts (Pride et al. 2006, p. 124). Samsung are targeting at three different social class segments which are lower level, middle level, and upper level. Therefore, Samsung aims at differentiated marketing with different types of designed to satisfy the target market (Schieffer 2005, p. 72). There are three categories of Samsung for target market. First is lower level. The setting of this vacuum cleaner are powerful, lightweight cleaning with flexible control the 360-degree connection swivels which make easier for consumer to maneuver for quick cleaning all around. This lightweight cleaner is best for tackling bare floors and carpets (Mother Earth News June / July 2006). It has powerful with double motor, multi-surface and cleaning capabilities with the switch of button, automatic cord rewind and comes with tools-on-board. Secondly, is middle level in here the vacuum cleaner is more lightweight, ultra quiet, low-noise floor nozzle, so it will make protection for humans ear (Consumer Reports October 2005), which resulting an enjoy clean air and more frequently captures dust and airborne allergens (Consumer Reports March 2006). And finally of course for higher level, it has all the features for lower and middle level vacuum cleaner, and it also has more advantages like micro seal fresh air technology. This improvement makes the consumer enjoy clean air and clean less frequently that captures over 99.97% of dust and airborne allergens and small particles (USA Today Magazine January 2007). The more specific of strategies and product will be discussed in more details in the consequent pages under marketing implementations. 2.2 SWOT Analysis To monitor the internal and external marketing environment and also to set a new and better marketing strategy, a SWOT analysis must be accomplished first and That the overall evaluation of a companys Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats is called SWOT analysis (Kotler Keller 2009, p. 89). Samsung Company must have a clear understanding of their SWOT analysis in order to develop their new products at the same time increase their profit on annual sales. (Source: Business Teacher 2010) Strengths People A company is its people. At Samsung, were dedicated to giving our people a wealth of opportunities to reach their full potential (Samsung 2010). Loyal Customers By having close customer relationship, the Samsung Company have the possibility to always produce and innovate their product to overcome the customer needs and wants. Excellence Products and Services Samsung Company is motivated by an unyielding passion for excellence-and has an unfaltering commitment to develop the best products and services on the market (Samsung 2010). Best Marketing Experience Nowadays In fast-paced global economy, change or revolution is constant as well as for innovation is critical to a companys survival. As Samsung Company has done for 70 years, they set their sights on the future, anticipating market needs and demands so it can steer our company toward long-term success (Samsung 2010). Integrity Operating in an ethical way is the foundation of our business. Everything we do is guided by a moral compass that ensures fairness, respect for all stakeholders and complete transparency (Samsung 2010). Co-prosperity To become successful a business must also create prosperity and opportunity for others. Therefore Samsung Company is committed to presence a socially and environmentally responsible corporate citizen in every community where we operate around the globe (Samsung 2010). Pricing Samsung products are relatively competitive in the market, so it can compete within all type of customers. Technology With an excellent research and development capabilities, they spend a high percentage of revenue on RD. It resulted in global leadership in the television segment, and in improving its position from the third to second player in mobile phones with their innovative products. Weaknesses Product Perception The customers perception of weak product attributes like Durability. Price Perception The customers perception about the worthiness the price of product on each person that difficult to cover. Standard Model Not pro-active coming out with unique and leading model. Huge Investment on RD 2007 (Mill won) 2006 (Mill won) Sales 98,507,817 85,834,604 Research expenses 2,353,844 2,252,848 Ordinary development expenses 3,720,115 3,461, 914 Total RD 6,073, 959 5,714,762 RD/Sales 6.17 % 6.66% (Source: Samsung Annual Report 2007) Opportunities Electronic Market By Increasing on electronic market, Samsung have the opportunity to take it down. Increasing Demand There is strong customer demand for innovative products value-added features. Increase % of Younger Population High % of Younger population, which can be expand a new market now and in the future. (Source: Population Reference Bureau 2009) Threats Increasing Competition In the third quarter 2008, the market share of LCDs TV Samsung Gain 20.2%, which has been decrease by 2.8% compare to the previous year, therefore it shows the increment of the competition (Samsung annual report 2008). Economic Slowdown The economic slowdown makes demand for electronic product weakens. MARKETING OBJECTIVES The marketing objectives are listed for management approval based on the approach in improving the sales growth. Launch of new vacuum cleaner To launch a new vacuum cleaner that can help to maintain healthiness at home. Marketing Strategies for Existing and New Products To outline a series of marketing strategies aimed at improving the sales. Increase Sales Volume To increase sales volume of vacuum cleaner by three promotions method. The first thing company must do to achieve the objective in above, is to know who is their target market. In the process of targeting their target market, the Samsung Company can use some of target strategies that involve market segmentation, market targeting strategy. Firstly, Market segmentation is an activity of research commons on issues such as characteristics market definition, the unit of analysis, type of consumer behavior to be explained, appropriateness of basis variables, and the relation of all of these considerations (Kotler 2002, p. 279; Pride et al. 2006, p. 115). Market targeting, otherwise, refers to the evaluations activity of identifying each market segment based on their attractiveness and to choose one or more segments to enter (Bradley 2002, p. 47). In the other hand market positioning is a formulating to set competitive position of the product and creating for market detail to achieving a certain position in the target consumers minds (Kotler Armstrong 1999, p. 196). Lastly, pricing strategy deals with response of customer, setting profitable, and also think of competitors (Bradley 2002, p. 222). The first strategy in target market selection process is market segmentation. A market segment consists of individuals, groups or organizations with some common characteristics who respond in a similar way to given set of marketing approach (Kotler 2002, p. 279; Pride et al. 2006, p. 115). There are 4 general bases for segmenting consumer markets which are demographic, geographic, psychographic and behavioral variables (Kotler Armstrong 1999, p. 202). Samsung focuses in Demographic and Behavioral variables. Based on Kotler (2002, p.279), they segment market consists of a group of customers who share a similar set of wants. Demographic segmentation defines market into groups according to demographic variables which include age, gender, income, occupation, education, family size, family life cycle, ethnicity, religion and social class (Pride et al. 2006, p. 115) where Samsung focuses on the gender, income, and social class. Under gender, Samsung uses by female especially maid and also housewife. For the income, Samsung is flexible because it offers from lowest price until the highest price so customers can make decisions easier. On the other hand, behavioral segmentation refers to dividing buyers into the group based on consumer knowledge, behaviors, uses or responses to a product (Kotler 2002, p. 245). Samsung segments the market based on price sensitivity where the consumption of products and services for consumers depends upon consumption value which is best reflected upon quality of products and services (Pride et al. 2006, p. 115). However the most important is focus on quality of products. Then for the three promotions method that Samsung will take on to increase their sales volume of new vacuum cleaner will be explain in the following pages. MARKETING RECOMMENDATIONS The target market for Samsung Vacuum Cleaner are the three different social class family segments which are lower, middle and upper level and also citizens who have home priority and aware for healthy lifestyle. Therefore, Samsung has designed differentiated promotion strategies to satisfy their different target markets (Schieffer 2005, p. 72). Promotion is communication to build awareness, message comprehension and interest to influence the people to make positive thinking and accept the product (Hollensen 2005, p. 258). And in here the company also must understand other important factors, such as centralizing on how to learn many different customers and focusing on a proper approach (Taylor Stankovich 2007). In the process of promotion strategy, Samsung can uses three main promotions method with the first one is advertising campaign. It is a description about any paid form of non-personal creative presentations of ideas, goods, or services and it is transmitted to target audiences (Pride et al. 2006, p. 403). Then, the second method is public relations. This is a method that uses communications efforts to make good relationship between the company and their consumer (Pride et al. 2006, p. 414). And finally, the last promotion method is sales promotion which refers to marketing communication activities in the direction of motivating the consumer purchase and develops the retailer effectiveness (Hollensen 2005, p. 266). 4.1 Advertising campaign Advertising campaign is the first promotion technique that can be chosen by Samsung Vacuum Cleaner to promote its products. Advertising is one of the most patent tools to create awareness of a company, product, service or idea by mass media (Kotler 1999). To develop the campaign, there are generally eight steps which can be used as a guideline and it is shown in diagram below. (Source: Pride et al. 2006, p. 404) 1. Identify and analyse target audience 2. Define advertising objective 3. Create advertising platform 4. Determine advertising budget 5. Develop media plan 6. Create advertising message 7. Execute campaign 8. Evaluate advertising effectiveness Figure (1) Promotion Strategy for Samsung Vacuum Cleaner Identify and analyze target audience From the diagram, it shows that the first step of Samsung Vacuum Cleaners advertising campaign is identifying and analyzing the target audience (Pride et al. 2006). This includes the three different characteristics of social family classes in Singapore, which are lower level, middle level, and upper level. Defining the Advertising Objectives Then the steps continue by defining the objectives of Samsungs advertisement, which are increasing the sales, creating awareness and also expanding consumers knowledge about the product. Creating the Advertising Platform The advertising platform of Samsung Vacuum Cleaner consists of important topics for customer in selecting the product provided (Pride et al. 2006). Determining Advertising Appropriation Samsung Vacuum Cleaner manages the advertising budget by applying up to bottom approach. This done by estimating the cost of performing the advertisement and setting the promotions budget according to the estimates (Pride et al. 2006, p. 406). The reason why Samsung choosing this method is because the brand is well known in the public, therefore the management has no doubt in allocating the budget. Developing the Media Plan After determining the budget, the marketer start developing media plan for the ad. In the case of Samsung Vacuum Cleaner, it will choose television, newspaper and magazine. The medium that enables marketer to reach the largest number of people at any one time is television; therefore Samsung will put its advertisement in weekdays morning and evening session which is the prime time in television, and Saturday and Sunday morning which is the family session (Falk 2003, p. 287). Then for magazine, Samsung will more concern in womens and technologies magazine. And for newspaper, Samsung will place its ad in weekly celebrity tabloid which focusing on housewife. Creating the Advertising Message The company must careful when entering this step, because in here, Samsung starts to convince the buyer that it has something valuable to offer (Bayan 2006). To achieve this, Samsung start the ad by a headline Introducing a Vacuum Cleaner of the Future and Built For Efficiency!, these tag-lines not just capable to inform the buyer about a new vacuum cleaner in the market which gives many efficiency benefits to the customer, but it also help increasing future sales (Garfield 2005). Some of Samsung benefits such as lightweight, ultra quiet vacuum cleaner, Samsungs filtration system and other uniqueness will be stated in the advertisement (Maynard 1995). Besides that, there also some pictures of Samsungs products together with a creative design look. This will give sounds that the promo gives a greater savings to the item (Brandweek 2007). Executing the Campaign After setting the entire ad, the marketer will start to coordinate and execute the effective campaign. Evaluating Advertising Effectiveness However, the management also remembers to evaluate the plan to keep an eye on what is happening on the market. The marketer does not want to get critics saying that the ad is not true, and not achieving what you really see is what you should get statement (Janoff 2004). This can be prevented by pre-test and post-test. The pre-test can identify errors that can result in breakdown of ads communication before the implementation. Then the post-test is evaluating the feedback which is the target audiences attitudes towards the ad (Waller 1998, p. 72). 4.2 Public Relations The second methods that will be used for Samsung Vacuum Cleaner is public relations. Public relation is created to make, keep or shared understanding between the company and their customers (Kitchen 1993). Because creating and keeping the relationships with customers is one of the key to make the product become famous. Before a company releases a product, they have to know the customers needs and wants (Pride et al. 2006). They also have to know which component of public relations that is useful for their product. There are reasons why Samsung vacuum cleaner selects this promotional strategy, which are to help the company to have good relationship with the public, then to keep positive image of this company and finally showing to the public about the companys goals and objectives (Lamb et al. 2002). An increase in awareness also can be the effect of the Samsung Vacuum Cleaners public relations campaign (Jeff 2003). According to Kotler and Keller, there are many kinds of public relation tools, which are identity media, public activities, press conference, speeches, events, and publications. For Samsung, the company has chosen two tools, which are press conference and identity media. 4.3 Press Conference The first thing to show the product in the public is press conference. In here, the Samsung Company will call the entire reporters from different mass Medias and give an explanation or describe generally about the efficiency about the product. Hence the reporter will write about it. 4.4 Identity Media The other public relation which is used In Samsung Company is identity media. In here, Samsung uses brochures to create awareness and incentive to buy the vacuum cleaner. In brochures, it will be written about description of the product in general like the specification of the product. Besides that, it also will be written information about healthy environment. The leaflets will be distribute in the crowded park, supermarket, mall, mini-market, road and others place in Malaysia which are possible for the customer to see and get it. 4.5 Sales Promotion The final method that Samsung Vacuum Cleaner uses to promote its product is Sales Promotion. This is the ways to urge the consumer to shop at a particular store or to try specific product (Pride et al. 2007). In Samsung Company, they use coupons system, demonstrations, and consumer sweepstakes. Coupons In order to promote the Samsung vacuum cleaner, the company uses coupon as one of sales promotion method. There are some places that the coupon can be placed. For example: Newspaper about celebritys gossip. Woman magazine, like Women Weekly and Glamour. Samsung Vacuum Cleaners coupon does not have a specific size for different media. The important thing is the coupon is readable. There is a coupon which is distributed by Samsung. The coupon is discount of the product. By entering the promotional code (via internet) or bringing the coupon to the nearest counter, the customer will get a discount or depend on how much money off that is written in the coupon. Demonstrations Another method of sales promotion that Samsung uses is demonstrations. The demonstration will be like some of presentations how to use the vacuum cleaner maximally and effectively to satisfy the user needs and wants. The demonstration will be placed or performed in mall and housing Resident Park. This is because the places usually have many housewife or family that sightseeing in that place. This means that it will be performed where there are possibilities to attract more customers. Consumer Sweepstakes Consumer sweepstakes is the last method that Samsung Vacuum Cleaner uses to attract more consumers. The name of this lucky draw is Say YES to Samsung sweepstake. In here, the customers who buy the new of Samsung Vacuum Cleaner will get a change to enter the sweepstake. The customers will write his or her identity in a form which is provided by every branch of the company. For customers who buy via internet, they also will get opportunity to give their details in the internet. Therefore the consumers can become a contestant of Say YES to Samsung sweepstake. The prize for runner up of this lucky draw is three winners will get each a brand new Samsungs 42-inch LED 3D TV. And for the first winner, the customers will have a change to go to 2 day 3 nights trip to Shanghai, China for two persons. MARKETING IMPLEMENTATIONS We decide to treat all the capitals of developing countries as the same market, as demographically they have many similarities among ladies. We are targeting to housewives to fulfill their needs with our innovated products. 5.1 Product We have proposed new reproduction of Samsung vacuum cleaner. In reproduction, we will add few extra functions and features in our new products. Apart from it, we will change the designs and colors according to the age groups of our main audience: housewives those who are between the ages of 23 to 60. As for the additional, we will make it available to clean the everywhere of home with the gas pipe and steel pipe. For example, in the bathroom, you can see that there are few yellow dirty places on the floor that we cannot take out and refine. Here our product come to solution of the problem, the customers only have to turn on the button, the gas pipe will automatically emit the gas to remove the dust and refine the places easily without needing to use the human effort. After refining with gas pipe, there will be little water because of using gas. The customers do not need to worry to clean it out again, just simply change the steel pipe, and turn on the button again. It will be automatically clean. It can be said that the product is the combination of few household things. In addition, we add the MP3 player in the product in order to give the happiness to our housewives while they are doing domestic chores. As we will add the music player, we will make the product to be in the silent mode while it is working. On the other hand, the size and weight will not be getting big and heavy because of the additional things. Theses all will be as same as the normal vacuum cleaner. Those are the differences between our vacuum cleaner and others. 5.2 Price We will price our range of products competitively as we want our target customers to know that we are there to give them an offering of our best products and services not necessarily expensive. We are sure that the customers will guess that our new product will be expensive because of the additional features. The price is possible to go higher than normal vacuum cleaner but we are trying our best to adjust the prices reasonable to our targeted customers as possible as we can. 5.3 Promotion and Advertising It is necessary to expand our market places and customer services in developing countries. For being able to do so, we will distribute and display our products in shopping malls and in our showroom. Even our product is not difficult to use; we are planning to provide the staff especially for explaining about the product such the usage, effectiveness and weaknesses. Apart from it, we will also provide the season-promotion, special days-promotion to our customers by giving discount, give the present for our existing and new customers, and have the lucky draw occasionally. We have drawn the plan to serve the delivery system which is if a retailer or customer wants to order our product through the internet or telephone or invoice, we are serving delivery system depending on the amount they order. For being able to control the current market and penetrate the new market across geographical area, our company focus on both online marketing and mass media in order to achieve in no time. 5.4 Place As we have mentioned in the above, the position to display the products will be exactly in the zone of shopping mall, famous household market, and our own showroom. We will try our best to reach companys provided services to reach the target audience. BUDGET Budget is a plan that outlines an organizations financial and operational goals. Moreover, budget may be thought of as an action plan; planning a budget helps a business allocate resources, evaluate performance, and formulate plans (Ward 2010). Based on Samsung Annual Report in 2007, Samsung spent a million of money to do research and development. However, the total of sales in 2007 was less than in 2006, it was only 6.17 %. It because the percentage of promotion that Samsung spent is very small compare with the other allocations budget. However, to increase sales volume in 2010, especially for new product in this case new vacuum cleaner, we propose the estimation budget plan for 2010. Financials Here is the breakdown of the budget planning Activity(Description) Budget (in %) Product research and development 8% HR development (recruitment) 2% Production staff training 4% Sales staff training 4% Administration 2% Campaigning 25% Advertising 25% Sales and Promotion cost 15% Market research 15% Total Budget 100% MARKET EVALUATION AND CONTROL 7.1 Sales Research We expect to raise the sales within 6 months after launching the product. In order to know the increase rate of sales, we will measure the amount of net profit we earn cross over the sales of shopping malls, showrooms and online. 7.2 Market Research We will find out the percentage of customers satisfactory on our product through their feedback on market place. According to the result of it, we will do the improvements in customer services and raise the consumer rate. 7.3 Product Research For the product research, we will try to know the acceptance of our products and ranking of popularity in the market. According to the ranking and acceptance, we will manufacture the products for the next launching. 7.4 Promotion Research For the promotion research, we will find out the information from the customer feedback which promotion they like most and the sales become higher during which promotion. Then the company can know which promotion is preferred by customers most. CONCLUSION We will build up the customer reliability on our products in able to achieve the higher profit and expand the market place by keeping the good quality products and convenience customer services. We will reach our goal by analyzing the customers behaviors, market place, and having business performance.